Preface to Shakespeare by Dr Johnson

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Samuel Johnson wrote the Preface to Shakespeare as an introduction to his edition of Shakespeare’s works. In this preface, he talks about Shakespeare’s strengths and weaknesses. He praises Shakespeare’s ability to create real and relatable characters but also points out some mistakes in his plays.

Shakespeare’s Universal Appeal

Johnson says that Shakespeare’s plays are timeless. His stories and characters feel real and natural, no matter when or where they are read. The emotions in his plays—love, jealousy, ambition, and betrayal—are common to all people. This makes Shakespeare’s plays enjoyable for every generation.

Realistic Characters

Johnson admires how Shakespeare creates characters who behave like real people. They are not completely good or bad but have both strengths and flaws. This makes them more believable and interesting to the audience.

Shakespeare’s Language

Johnson praises Shakespeare’s use of language. He believes Shakespeare had a special way of using words to express deep emotions. However, he also points out that some words in Shakespeare’s plays are difficult to understand because they are old or too complex.

Breaking Classical Rules

In ancient times, playwrights followed strict rules about time, place, and events in a play. Shakespeare did not always follow these rules. He mixed comedy and tragedy and changed locations in his plays. Some critics did not like this, but Johnson defends Shakespeare. He says that breaking the rules made Shakespeare’s plays more exciting and enjoyable.

Lack of Moral Lessons

Some writers believed that plays should always teach a moral lesson. Johnson criticizes Shakespeare for not always doing this. In some of his plays, good people suffer, and bad people do not get punished. Johnson agrees that this is realistic but thinks plays should also teach important life lessons.

Strengths and Weaknesses

Johnson appreciates Shakespeare’s creativity and deep understanding of human emotions. He believes that Shakespeare is one of the greatest playwrights of all time. However, he also points out some flaws, such as unnecessary scenes and occasional mistakes in his plays.

Conclusion

Samuel Johnson’s Preface to Shakespeare is an important piece of literary criticism. He explains why Shakespeare’s plays are still popular and meaningful. While he finds some faults, he still considers Shakespeare the greatest playwright in English literature. His ideas continue to help readers understand and appreciate Shakespeare’s works.


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