Restoration period
The Restoration Period (1660–1689) refers to the era in English literature that began with the restoration of King Charles II to the throne in 1660. This period is known for the revival of theater, prose, and poetry, influenced by French and classical styles.
Features of Restoration Literature:
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Restoration Comedy:
- Marked by witty dialogue, sexual innuendos, and satire.
- Featured themes of marriage, deception, and social manners.
- Example: The Way of the World by William Congreve.
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Heroic Drama:
- Written in rhymed verse and focused on grand themes like honor and love.
- Example: The Conquest of Granada by John Dryden.
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Satire and Social Criticism:
- Writers mocked corruption, politics, and upper-class hypocrisy.
- Example: Absalom and Achitophel by John Dryden.
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Prose and Essays:
- The development of realistic prose and journalism.
- Example: The Diary of Samuel Pepys (an eyewitness account of the Great Fire of London).
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Restoration Poetry:
- Often formal, intellectual, and satirical.
- Example: John Dryden’s poems reflected political themes.
Famous Writers of the Restoration Period:
- John Dryden – Known for poetry, plays, and criticism.
- William Congreve – A leading playwright of Restoration comedy.
- Aphra Behn – One of the first professional female writers (Oroonoko).
- Samuel Pepys – Wrote a diary that gives insight into the period.
The Glorious Revolution (1688) marked the end of the Restoration Period, leading to new literary trends in the 18th century.